Manual for a computer science teacher: 3rd grade, 3rd quarter

Objective of the lessons : To deepen students’ knowledge of programming based on the Scratch visual environment, and also to teach them how to work with multimedia files. At the end of the quarter, children will create their own mini-projects using animation, graphics, audio and video.

Lesson plan

Lesson 1: Scratch Basics Review and Introduction to Interactive Animations

Topic : Basics of creating animations in Scratch using events and conditions

Objectives:

• Review the basic elements of Scratch.
• Show how to use events and conditions to create interactive animations.

Materials:

• Computers with Scratch installed.

Lesson plan:

1. Repetition (5 minutes)
   • Briefly review the basic blocks and concepts of Scratch (movement, events, conditions).
2. Practical demonstration (10 minutes)
   • Show an example of a simple animation where a character reacts to key presses or mouse clicks.
3. Practical part (20 minutes)
   • Children create their own interactive animation using events and conditions (for example, a character moves around the scene and changes direction when colliding with objects).
4. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • A discussion of how conditions and events help create interactive programs.

Lesson 2: Loops and User Interaction in Animation

Topic : Using Loops to Create Repeating Animations

Objectives:

• Teach children how to use loops to automate repetitive actions in animations.
• Add user interaction through loops.

Materials:

• Computers with Scratch.

Lesson plan:

1. Introduction (5 minutes)
   • Explain what a loop is and how to use it to perform repetitive actions.
2. Practical demonstration (10 minutes)
   • Show how to use a loop to create infinite motion or repeating animation (such as a character running in place or an object spinning).
3. Practical part (20 minutes)
   • Children create their animations using loops (for example, a character performs repeated actions, interacting with the user through keystrokes).
4. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • A discussion of how loops help make animations more dynamic.

Lesson 3: Creating Games in Scratch: Conditions and Events

Topic : Using conditions and events to create simple games

Objectives:

• To teach children to use events and conditions to create interactive games.
• Consider the logic of games: what happens when the user performs certain actions.

Materials:

• Computers with Scratch.

Lesson plan:

1. Introduction (5 minutes)
   • Explain how to use events and conditions to create games (for example, when a character encounters an obstacle or reaches a goal).
2. Practical demonstration (10 minutes)
   • Show an example of a simple game where a character must avoid obstacles or collect objects.
3. Practical part (20 minutes)
   • Children create their own simple games using events and conditions (for example, a character must collect objects on the screen while avoiding obstacles).
4. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • A discussion of how the use of conditions and events makes games interactive and engaging.

Lesson 4: Working with Multimedia Files: Adding Images

Topic : How to add and edit images in Scratch

Objectives:

• Teach children how to add images to their projects.
• Consider the possibilities of editing and animating images.

Materials:

• Computers with Scratch.
• Examples of images for projects.

Lesson plan:

1. Introduction (5 minutes)
   • Explain how you can add images and use them in Scratch projects.
2. Practical demonstration (10 minutes)
   • Show how to import an image into Scratch and how to animate it (e.g. resize or rotate).
3. Practical part (20 minutes)
   • Children add images to their projects and create simple animations with those images.
4. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • A discussion of how the use of images adds visual appeal to projects.

Lesson 5: Working with Multimedia Files: Adding Audio and Video

Topic : How to add sound and video to Scratch projects

Objectives:

• Teach children how to add sound effects and music to their projects.
• Show the possibilities of working with video.

Materials:

• Computers with Scratch.
• Sound files and video examples.

Lesson plan:

1. Introduction (5 minutes)
   • Talk about the importance of sound in animations and games.
2. Practical demonstration (10 minutes)
   • Show how to add a sound file to Scratch and how to use the sound depending on actions (for example, a sound when a key is pressed).
3. Practical part (20 minutes)
   • Children add sound effects to their projects (e.g. character footsteps, background melodies).
4. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • A discussion of how sound makes projects more realistic and dynamic.

Lesson 6: Designing an Interactive Story

Topic : Creating a project: interactive story with multimedia elements

Objectives:

• Strengthen skills in working with multimedia files and programming.
• To teach children to create interactive stories using animation, sound and images.

Materials:

• Computers with Scratch.

Lesson plan:

1. Introduction (5 minutes)
   • Tell about the process of creating an interactive story: the sequence of actions, adding multimedia elements.
2. Practical demonstration (10 minutes)
   • Show an example of a simple interactive story where characters interact with the user (e.g. a story with a choice of actions).
3. Practical part (20 minutes)
   • Children create their own interactive stories by adding multimedia elements (images, sounds) and user interaction.
4. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • A discussion of how multimedia elements can help make a story more engaging.

Lesson 7: Working on a Mini-Project

Topic : Developing your own project (game, animation or story)

Objectives:

• Start developing an individual mini-project.
• To teach children to plan and implement their own ideas.

Materials:

• Computers with Scratch.

Lesson plan:

1. Introduction (5 minutes)
   • Discussion of project topics: interactive game, animation or story.
   • Step-by-step plan for creating a project.
2. Practical part (35 minutes)
   • Children begin working on their projects, developing a concept and creating the basis of the program.
3. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • Discussing progress and ideas for completing the project.

Lesson 8: Presentation of mini-projects and summary of lessons

Topic : Presentation of projects and discussion of results

Objectives:

• Give children the opportunity to showcase their projects.
• To summarize the results of the third quarter of training.

Lesson plan:

1. Presentation of projects (30 minutes)
   • Children show their mini-projects and talk about how they created them.
2. Discussion (10 minutes)
   • Discuss the highlights of each project as well as the challenges the students faced.
3. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • Summing up: what children learned about programming and multimedia projects.

Manual for a computer science teacher: 3rd grade, 2nd quarter

Objective of the lessons : To introduce children to the basics of algorithmic thinking through flowcharts and programming with loops and branching, and to teach them the basics of safe information search on the Internet.

Lesson plan

Lesson 1: Introduction to Flowcharts and Algorithms

Topic : Representation of logical operations in graphical form

Objectives:

• Teach children the basics of algorithms and flowcharts.
• Show how flowcharts can be used to represent logical operations and sequences of actions.

Materials:

• Presentation or paper flowchart templates (including shapes: start, process, condition, end).

Lesson plan:

1. Introduction (5 minutes)
   • Discuss what an algorithm is and how it helps solve problems.
   • Introduce the concept of flowcharts.
2. Practical demonstration (10 minutes)
   • Show an example of a simple flow chart (e.g. how to make a sandwich: start – choose ingredients – check doneness – finish).
3. Practical part (20 minutes)
   • Children create their own simple flow charts on paper that describe simple actions (such as a morning routine).
4. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • Discuss how flowcharts help organize activities and make problem solving easier.

Lesson 2: Creating Flowcharts for Programs

Topic : Building more complex flow charts

Objectives:

• Continue working with flowcharts, complicating them with conditions and branches.
• To prepare children for programming using blocks.

Materials:

• Paper templates flowcharts, tables for examples.

Lesson plan:

1. Review of material (5 minutes)
   • Briefly review the elements of flowcharts and their use.
2. Practical demonstration (10 minutes)
   • Create a flow chart with branching (for example, if a person is hungry, cook food; if not hungry, do something else).
3. Practical part (20 minutes)
   • Children work on creating their own flow charts with branches and conditions.
4. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • Discuss how flowcharts help prepare logic for programming.

Lesson 3: Basics of Loops in Programming

Topic : Creating programs using loops

Objectives:

• Introduce the concept of a cycle and its use in programming.
• Teach children to build programs with repetitive actions.

Materials:

• Visual programming environment (e.g. Scratch).

Lesson plan:

1. Introduction (5 minutes)
   • Explain what a loop is and how to use it to automate repetitive tasks.
2. Practical demonstration (10 minutes)
   • Show a simple example of a program with a loop in Scratch (for example, moving a character in a circle).
3. Practical part (20 minutes)
   • Children create their own programs using loops (for example, a character repeats the same actions).
4. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • Discuss how using loops makes programming tasks easier.

Lesson 4: Branching in Programming

Topic : Creating programs with conditions

Objectives:

• Introduce the concept of conditions and branching in programming.
• To teach children to build programs with a choice of actions depending on the conditions.

Materials:

• Visual programming environment (Scratch).

Lesson plan:

1. Introduction (5 minutes)
   • Explain what branching and conditions (if/else) are in programming.
2. Practical demonstration (10 minutes)
   • Show a simple example of a program with branching in Scratch (for example, if the character touches a wall – change direction).
3. Practical part (20 minutes)
   • Children create programs using conditions and branches (for example, a character performs actions depending on conditions).
4. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • Discuss how conditions help create more complex programs with different outcomes.

Lesson 5: Combining Loops and Branching

Topic : Creating programs with loops and branching

Objectives:

• To consolidate skills in working with cycles and conditions in programming.
• To teach children to combine loops and conditions to create more complex programs.

Materials:

• Visual programming environment (Scratch).

Lesson plan:

1. Review of material (5 minutes)
   • Briefly review the concept of cycles and conditions.
2. Practical demonstration (10 minutes)
   • Show an example of a program that uses both a loop and branching (e.g. a character performs different actions in a loop depending on conditions).
3. Practical part (20 minutes)
   • Children create their own programs by combining loops and conditions to create more complex tasks (for example, creating a game with repeating and changing actions).
4. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • Discuss how combining loops and conditions helps create flexible programs.

Lesson 6: Internet Basics

Topic : How to search for information on the Internet

Objectives:

• Teach children the basics of safe internet browsing.
• Explain the types of web resources and how to distinguish reliable sources from unreliable ones.

Materials:

• Computers with internet access.

Lesson plan:

1. Introduction (5 minutes)
   • Explain how searching for information on the Internet works and what search engines are.
2. Practical demonstration (10 minutes)
   • Show how to correctly formulate queries to search for information and how to choose a reliable source (for example, educational sites).
3. Practical part (20 minutes)
   • Children search for information on a pre-determined topic (for example, interesting facts about nature) and discuss the results of their search.
4. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • Discuss why it is important to check sources of information and how to avoid misinformation.

Lesson 7: Basics of Safe Internet Searching

Topic : Protection from malicious content

Objectives:

• Teach children the rules of safe internet browsing.
• Tell you how to protect your data and avoid malicious sites.

Materials:

• Computers with internet access.

Lesson plan:

1. Introduction (5 minutes)
   • Discuss threats that may arise from improper use of the Internet (malware, phishing sites).
2. Practical demonstration (10 minutes)
   • Show how to recognize suspicious links and avoid malicious content.
3. Practical part (20 minutes)
   • Children complete a task: find safe sources of information and discuss why they are reliable.
4. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • Discuss the basic rules of safe searching and protection from malicious sites.

Lesson 8: Final Lesson

Topic : Consolidation of knowledge on flowcharts, algorithms and safe work on the Internet

Objectives:

• Test your acquired knowledge on the following topics: flowcharts, algorithms, cycles and branches, safe internet search.
• To consolidate skills in creating simple programs and working with the Internet.

Materials:

• Tests or assignments on topics.

Lesson plan:

1. Review of material (10 minutes)
   • Brief overview of topics covered: flowcharts, algorithms, cycles, branches, safe search.
2. Practical part (25 minutes)
   • Conducting a test or assignment where children must demonstrate their knowledge and skills on all topics.
3. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • Discussion of the results and achievements of each student, summing up the quarter.

Manual for a computer science teacher: 3rd grade, 1st quarter

Objective of the lessons : To consolidate basic skills in working with a computer, text and files, to deepen knowledge of text formatting, to teach the basics of working with tables and to develop logical thinking through interactive tasks and games.

Lesson plan

Lesson 1: Review of the basics of working with a computer and file system

Topic : Updating knowledge about files and folders

Objectives:

• Review the basic elements of working with a computer (files, folders, operating system).
• Teach children to create, move and delete files and folders.

Materials:

• Computers with an operating system installed.
• Demonstration files and folders for work.

Lesson plan:

1. Introduction (5 minutes)
   • Discuss how files are organized on a computer, what folders are and why they are needed.
2. Practical demonstration (10 minutes)
   • Show how to create folders, move and copy files.
3. Practical part (20 minutes)
   • Children create their own folders, copy files, move them, and delete unnecessary items.
4. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • Discuss the importance of keeping files organized for quick access.

Lesson 2: Advanced Text Work

Topic : Creating short documents and formatting text

Objectives:

• Strengthen your typing skills.
• Learn to format text: change font, bold, italic, change text color.

Materials:

• A text editor (such as Word or Google Docs).

Lesson plan:

1. Introduction (5 minutes)
   • Discuss how formatting helps make text more understandable and expressive.
2. Practical demonstration (10 minutes)
   • Show basic text formatting elements: changing font size, highlighting, underlining, italics, bold.
3. Practical part (20 minutes)
   • Children create short documents (for example, about themselves or their hobbies) and apply different formatting elements to them.
4. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • Discuss how and why formatting is used in texts (for example, in academic papers).

Lesson 3: Working with Tables – Entering Data

Topic : Basics of working with tables

Objectives:

• Teach children the basics of working with tables.
• Introduce the concept of a cell, row, column.

Materials:

• A spreadsheet program (such as Excel or Google Sheets).

Lesson plan:

1. Introduction (5 minutes)
   • Explain what a table is and what it is used for (making it easier to work with data).
2. Practical demonstration (10 minutes)
   • Show how to enter data into tables, navigate cells, and work with rows and columns.
3. Practical part (20 minutes)
   • Children create a simple chart, for example, with their daily schedule or a list of their favorite games.
4. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • Discuss how tables can help organize information.

Lesson 4: Basics of Calculations in Spreadsheets

Topic : Simple calculations in tables

Objectives:

• Teach children to perform simple calculations (addition, subtraction) in tables.
• To consolidate the concept of formulas.

Materials:

• Spreadsheets (Excel or Google Sheets).

Lesson plan:

1. Introduction (5 minutes)
   • Explain that tables can not only store data, but also perform calculations.
2. Practical demonstration (10 minutes)
   • Show how to enter simple formulas to add and subtract data in cells.
3. Practical part (20 minutes)
   • Children create a table of numbers (for example, purchases at the store) and perform calculations.
4. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • Discuss how calculations in tables make it easier to work with numbers.

Lesson 5: Interactive logic problems

Topic : Logical games for developing thinking

Objectives:

• To develop logical thinking in children through interactive tasks and games.
• Teach how to solve problems step by step, following sequences.

Materials:

• Computers with logic games installed (for example, puzzles or brain teasers).

Lesson plan:

1. Introduction (5 minutes)
   • Discuss the importance of logical thinking and how it helps in everyday life.
2. Practical demonstration (10 minutes)
   • Show an example of a logic problem or game.
3. Practical part (20 minutes)
   • Children play games, solve puzzles or work on interactive tasks that develop logic.
4. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • Discuss how logic problems help to better understand sequences and cause-and-effect relationships.

Lesson 6: Solving interactive problems with programming elements

Topic : Logical problems with elements of algorithms

Objectives:

• Continue to develop logical thinking through interactive tasks with elements of programming.
• Introduce the concept of simple algorithms.

Materials:

• A program with elements of visual programming (for example, Scratch Junior or similar).

Lesson plan:

1. Introduction (5 minutes)
   • Explain what an algorithm is and how it helps solve problems step by step.
2. Practical demonstration (10 minutes)
   • Show how to create a simple algorithm (for example, to control a character in a game).
3. Practical part (20 minutes)
   • Children solve problems using simple algorithms, creating sequences of actions to achieve a goal.
4. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • Discuss how algorithms help organize actions in life and in programming.

Lesson 7: Reinforcing table skills

Topic : Exercises on working with data and simple formulas

Objectives:

• To review and consolidate knowledge about entering data and performing simple calculations in tables.

Materials:

• Spreadsheets (Excel or Google Sheets).

Lesson plan:

1. Introduction (5 minutes)
   • Briefly review what tables are and how calculations are performed.
2. Practical demonstration (10 minutes)
   • Show additional examples of working with tables and formulas.
3. Practical part (20 minutes)
   • Children complete more complex tasks in tables, such as calculating the sum or difference of several rows of data.
4. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • Discuss how using tables and formulas helps automate calculations.

Lesson 8: Summing up and checking knowledge

Topic : Final lesson on the topic of the quarter

Objectives:

• Test the acquired knowledge and skills on the topics of the quarter.
• To strengthen children’s confidence in their ability to work with texts, tables and logical problems.

Materials:

• Tests or practical tasks.

Lesson plan:

1. Review of material (10 minutes)
   • Brief overview of topics: working with text, tables, interactive tasks.
2. Practical part (25 minutes)
   • Conducting a test or assignment where children must demonstrate their knowledge of all the topics covered.
3. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • Debriefing: Discussion of each child’s results and progress.

A manual for a computer science teacher

2nd grade, 3rd quarter (8 lessons)

The purpose of the lessons : To teach children the basics of programming through the creation of interactive projects, to introduce them to e-mail and to continue developing their skills in working with text and graphics.

Lesson plan

Lesson 1: Introduction to Programming – Creating Simple Projects

Topic : Basics of creating interactive projects using Scratch Junior

Objectives:

• To introduce children to the basics of visual programming.
• Teach how to create simple interactive projects, such as animations or games.

Materials:

• Computers or tablets with Scratch Junior installed.

Lesson plan:

1. Introduction (5 minutes)
   • Explain what an interactive project is (for example, a game or animation that can be interacted with).
   • Explain what Scratch Junior is and how it helps create such projects.
2. Getting to Know the Scratch Junior Interface (10 minutes)
   • Show the basic tools of the program: how to add characters, set movements and reactions.
3. Practical part (20 minutes)
   • Children create simple animation: a character moves around the stage and interacts with the environment.
   • Discussion of work: what was successful, what difficulties arose.
4. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • To sum it up: interactive projects consist of commands that we give to characters.

Lesson 2: Continuing with interactive projects

Topic : Creating more complex projects in Scratch Junior

Objectives:

• Develop programming skills.
• Learn how to create projects with multiple characters and interactions.

Materials:

• Computers or tablets with Scratch Junior.

Lesson plan:

1. Introduction (5 minutes)
   • Discuss the projects created in the previous lesson and suggest ideas for expanding them.
2. Creating Complex Interactions (10 minutes)
   • Show how to add new characters and customize their interactions: movement, changing appearance, sounds.
3. Practical part (20 minutes)
   • Children create projects with multiple characters: for example, they can interact with each other, move and make sounds based on certain events.
   • Support in case of questions.
4. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • To sum it up: the more characters and interactions there are, the more complex the project is, but the more fun it is to create.

Lesson 3: Email Basics

Topic : How to send and receive emails, basic email etiquette

Objectives:

• Teach children how to create and send emails.
• Discuss the basic rules of etiquette for electronic correspondence.

Materials:

• An example of the mail service interface (you can use the demo version or training materials).

Lesson plan:

1. Introduction (5 minutes)
   • Explain what email is and why it is needed.
   • Show an example mailbox.
2. Creating a letter (10 minutes)
   • Show how to write and send a letter: fill in the recipient field, subject and text of the letter.
   • Explain the rules of good manners when writing: greeting, politeness, brevity.
3. Practical part (20 minutes)
   • Ask children to create and send a letter to the teacher or another student in the class.
   • Discuss examples of good letters.
4. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • To sum it up: email is a way of communication that requires respect for the other person.

Lesson 4: Email Security

Topic : How to protect your email from threats

Objectives:

• Teach children the basics of email safety.
• Discuss how to protect personal information and avoid malicious emails.

Materials:

• Presentation or video with examples of fraudulent emails and safety instructions.

Lesson plan:

1. Introduction (5 minutes)
   • Explain that there may be dangerous emails and links on the Internet.
2. Safety Basics (10 minutes)
   • Tell them that they shouldn’t open emails from strangers or click on suspicious links.
   • Show examples of fraudulent emails.
3. Practical part – discussion (20 minutes)
   • Discussion: how to protect your email, what actions to take if you receive a suspicious email.
4. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • Bottom line: You should always be careful when using email.

Lesson 5: Continuing to work with texts

Topic : Editing and formatting texts

Objectives:

• To review and deepen skills in working with texts.
• Teach the basics of formatting (highlighting, changing font, alignment).

Materials:

• Computers with a text editor (e.g. Word or similar).

Lesson plan:

1. Introduction (5 minutes)
   • Discuss why text formatting is necessary and how it helps make text easier to read.
2. Practical demonstration (10 minutes)
   • Show how to highlight text, change font, size, align paragraphs.
3. Practical part (20 minutes)
   • Ask children to create text and format it according to given criteria (for example, make the heading bold, center the text).
4. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • To summarize: formatting makes text neat and easy to read.

Lesson 6: Continuing with graphics

Topic : Creating complex images and editing them

Objectives:

• Develop image creation skills.
• Teach children to edit finished drawings and add details.

Materials:

• A drawing program (for example, Paint or similar).

Lesson plan:

1. Introduction (5 minutes)
   • Review basic drawing tools and discuss how to add detail and enhance an image.
2. Practical demonstration (10 minutes)
   • Show how to edit finished images, add elements and change color schemes.
3. Practical part (20 minutes)
   • Ask children to draw a more complex image (such as a landscape or a scene with several objects) and edit it.
4. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • To sum it up, image editing helps you improve your results and add details.

Lesson 7: Integrating programming, text and graphics skills

Topic : Creating projects using texts, images and algorithms

Objectives:

• Reinforce all learned skills through the integration of programming, working with text and graphics.
• Teach how to create full-fledged projects.

Materials:

• Scratch Junior, text editor, drawing program.

Lesson plan:

1. Introduction (5 minutes)
   • Explain that children will be creating a project that combines text, images, and programming.
2. Practical part – creating a project (30 minutes)
   • Ask children to create a project: for example, a scene with characters that uses text (characters’ lines) and images (background or objects), and program their interaction.
   • Support children in the process of creating projects.
3. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • Discuss the results obtained and the difficulties encountered.

Lesson 8: Final Project and its Presentation

Topic : Presentation of projects and summing up

Objectives:

• Give children the opportunity to present their projects.
• To summarize the material studied during the quarter.

Materials:

• Computers with programs for demonstrating projects.

Lesson plan:

1. Introduction (5 minutes)
   • Discuss the importance of projects for demonstrating your knowledge and skills.
2. Presentation of projects (25 minutes)
   • Ask children to present their projects to the class: tell how they worked with texts, images and programming.
3. Discussion and evaluation (10 minutes)
   • Discuss the success of each project and give children the opportunity to evaluate each other.
4. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • Summarize: congratulate the children on their successful work and summarize the skills they have acquired.