A manual for a computer science teacher

2nd grade, 2nd quarter (7 lessons)

The purpose of the lessons : To teach children the basics of algorithmic thinking, simple principles of creating images on a computer and internet safety, with an emphasis on protecting personal data.

Lesson plan

Lesson 1: Introduction to Algorithms – Simple Instructions

Topic : What is an Algorithm? Basics of Instruction Creation

Objectives:

• Explain what an algorithm is and how it is used to solve problems.
• Teach children to create simple instructions for performing actions.

Materials:

• Presentation with examples of algorithms (for example, step-by-step actions).
• Visual programming environment Scratch.

Lesson plan:

1. Introduction (5 minutes)
   • Explain that an algorithm is a set of steps that must be followed to achieve a goal (for example, how to brush your teeth).
2. Example of algorithm (10 minutes)
   • An example of a simple algorithm in real life: how to make a sandwich (step by step).
   • Transferring the example to the computer: how to make a Scratch character move around the scene.
3. Practical part (20 minutes)
   • In Scratch: Create an algorithm that makes a character walk across the screen and greet the audience.
   • Discuss with children how each step leads to completing the task.
4. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • To sum it up: algorithms help you achieve your goals step by step.

Lesson 2: Creating Simple Algorithms in Scratch

Topic : Basics of programming in the visual environment Scratch

Objectives:

• To consolidate the skills of creating simple algorithms using Scratch.
• Teach children to control characters and animation.

Materials:

• Computers with Scratch installed.

Lesson plan:

1. Introduction (5 minutes)
   • Review what an algorithm is and discuss the previous lesson.
2. Working in Scratch (10 minutes)
   • Show how to use commands to control a character: movements, sounds, interaction with other objects.
3. Practical part (20 minutes)
   • Ask children to create their own algorithm in Scratch: a character must walk across the screen, say something, or do something.
   • Encourage teams to experiment to achieve results.
4. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • Discuss how algorithms help control the actions of characters.

Lesson 3: Creating Simple Images

Topic : Working with graphic editors

Objectives:

• To introduce children to the basic tools of graphic editors.
• Learn how to create simple images and save them on your computer.

Materials:

• A drawing program (such as Paint or another graphics editor).

Lesson plan:

1. Introduction (5 minutes)
   • Discuss how you can draw on a computer and talk about the functions of graphic editors.
2. Graphic editor tools (10 minutes)
   • Show basic tools: pencil, brush, eraser, color selection.
3. Practical part (20 minutes)
   • Ask children to create a simple image (such as a house or a tree) using available tools.
   • Show how to save a drawing on your computer.
4. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • To sum it up: creating drawings on the computer helps develop creative skills.

Lesson 4: Editing Images

Topic : Working with editing tools in graphic editors

Objectives:

• Teach children to edit images: change their parts, use different colors.
• Repeat the process of saving and opening files.

Materials:

• Drawing program.

Lesson plan:

1. Introduction (5 minutes)
   • Remind them how to create images and discuss how to edit what they have drawn.
2. Practical demonstration (10 minutes)
   • Show how to change parts of an image (e.g. recolor, remove objects, add new elements).
3. Practical part (20 minutes)
   • Give children the task of changing their previous drawings: adding new details, changing the color or size of objects.
   • Help children save changes to a new file.
4. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • Discuss how editing can help improve images.

Lesson 5: Internet Safety Basics

Topic : Why is it important to protect personal data?

Objectives:

• To introduce children to the basics of Internet safety.
• Explain what personal data is and why it needs to be protected.

Materials:

• Presentation on Internet security with simple examples.

Lesson plan:

1. Introduction (5 minutes)
   • Explain what the Internet is and why it is important to be careful when working online.
2. Personal data (10 minutes)
   • Explain what personal information (name, address, photos) is and why it cannot be distributed without parental permission.
   • Provide examples of situations where personal data may be stolen or misused.
3. Practical part – discussion (20 minutes)
   • Have a discussion with your children about what they can do to protect themselves online (not sharing passwords, not giving personal information to strangers).
   • Examples of rules for safe behavior on the Internet.
4. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • To sum it up, we should always be careful about what we do and post on the internet.

Lesson 6: Review of working with images and algorithms

Topic : Reinforcing skills in working with graphic editors and Scratch

Objectives:

• Repeat working with graphic editors.
• To consolidate the skills of creating algorithms in Scratch.

Materials:

• Computers with drawing and Scratch programs.

Lesson plan:

1. Introduction (5 minutes)
   • Remind children what they learned in previous lessons: drawing and algorithms.
2. Practical part – drawing (15 minutes)
   • Ask the children to draw a new picture and save it.
   • Discuss how you can use various editing tools to enhance an image.
3. Practical part – Scratch (15 minutes)
   • Ask children to create a new algorithm for their character: add movement, sound or interaction.
   • Help the children save the project.
4. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • Discuss the successes and difficulties that children encountered in completing the tasks.

Lesson 7: Final Lesson – Graphics and Algorithms Project

Topic : Creating a final project – image or animation

Objectives:

• To consolidate the knowledge and skills acquired during the quarter.
• Give children the opportunity to show creativity through the creation of projects.

Materials:

• Computers with a graphics editor and Scratch.

Lesson plan:

1. Introduction (5 minutes)
   • Discuss with the children what they would like to do in the final lesson: draw a picture or create an animation in Scratch.
2. Practical part (30 minutes)
   • Ask children to create their final project: either a picture or an animation with a character.
   • Help children if difficulties arise.
3. Presentation of projects (10 minutes)
   • Allow children to show their work to the class, discuss their progress and what they learned.
4. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • Summarize the quarter: discuss what was interesting, what skills the children learned, and congratulate them on completing their projects.

This tutorial will help students develop algorithmic thinking skills, creative work with images, and learn the basics of internet safety.

A manual for a computer science teacher

1st grade, 4th quarter (7 lessons)

Objective of the lessons : Review and consolidation of knowledge acquired during the year: basics of working with a computer, skills in working with programs (graphic editor, text editor), completing simple projects. Stimulating creative thinking through the creation of drawings and short stories.

Lesson plan

Lesson 1: Review of Basic Computer Concepts

Topic : Consolidation of knowledge about computer parts and basics of operation

Objectives:

• Review the parts of the computer and their functions (monitor, keyboard, mouse, etc.).
• Repeat basic actions on the computer (turning on/off, launching programs).

Materials:

• Computers for practical tasks.
• Cards with images of computer parts.

Lesson plan:

1. Introduction (5 minutes)
   • Remind children what a computer is and how it helps in work and study.
2. Review of computer parts (10 minutes)
   • Discuss what each part of the computer does (monitor, keyboard, mouse, etc.).
   • Use flashcards to have children name each part and its purpose.
3. Practical part (15 minutes)
   • Ask children to demonstrate how to turn on the computer, launch a program, close it, and turn off the computer correctly.
4. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • Discuss why it is important to know the basics of working with a computer and how it helps in life.

Lesson 2: Review of working with a graphic editor

Topic : Reinforcing drawing skills in a graphic editor

Objectives:

• Repeat working with the basic tools of a graphic editor (brush, eraser, fill).
• Create simple drawings using basic shapes.

Materials:

• Computers with a graphics editor installed (for example, Paint).
• Examples of drawings for inspiration.

Lesson plan:

1. Introduction (5 minutes)
   • Remind us about the graphic editor and its main tools.
2. Review of tools (10 minutes)
   • Show how to use brush, eraser, fill, lines and shapes.
   • Discuss how you can combine tools to create a simple drawing.
3. Practical part (20 minutes)
   • Ask children to create a drawing using circles, squares and lines (for example, draw a house or a sun).
   • Check the work and help those who encounter difficulties.
4. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • Discuss the results of the work, praise the children for their creativity.

Lesson 3: Working with a text editor

Topic : Review of the basics of working with a text editor (entering text, saving files)

Objectives:

• Strengthen your typing skills in a text editor.
• Learn how to save and open text files.

Materials:

• Computers with a text editor installed (for example, Microsoft Word).
• Examples of short texts for typing.

Lesson plan:

1. Introduction (5 minutes)
   • Remind us what a text editor is and what it is used for.
2. Repetition of work with text (10 minutes)
   • Show how to type text, delete characters, move between lines, and save a file.
   • Discuss why it is important to save your job and how to do it correctly.
3. Practical part (20 minutes)
   • Ask children to type a short text (for example, “My favorite color is blue”).
   • Make sure that each student saves their work in a folder on their computer.
4. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • Discuss the importance of text editors in everyday life and for study.

Lesson 4: Creating a simple project – drawing in a graphics editor

Topic : Creating a creative project in a graphic editor

Objectives:

• Strengthen your skills in working with a graphic editor by creating complex drawings.
• To develop creative thinking in children.

Materials:

• Computers with a graphics editor installed.
• Examples of drawings for inspiration.

Lesson plan:

1. Introduction (5 minutes)
   • Discuss that today the children will create their own project – a drawing on the theme “My Family” or “Nature”.
2. Creating a drawing (25 minutes)
   • Ask children to create a drawing using all available tools.
   • Monitor children’s progress and assist with using tools.
3. Presentation of works (10 minutes)
   • Ask several children to show their work to the class and tell what they have drawn.
4. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • Praise their efforts and discuss what the children learned while completing the project.

Lesson 5: Creating a Simple Project – A Short Story in a Text Editor

Topic : Writing a Short Story in a Text Editor

Objectives:

• Teach children to write short stories and save them in a text editor.
• To consolidate skills in working with text.

Materials:

• Computers with a text editor installed.
• Examples of short stories for inspiration.

Lesson plan:

1. Introduction (5 minutes)
   • Tell the children that today they will write a short story using a word processor.
2. Writing a story (25 minutes)
   • Ask children to write a short story on the topic “My favorite toy” or “My best day”.
   • Help children with typing and error correction.
3. Presentation of stories (10 minutes)
   • Ask several children to read their stories to the class.
4. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • Praise children for their creativity and remind them of the importance of writing and saving their work correctly.

Lesson 6: Completing the Basic Concepts

Topic : Repetition and consolidation of all studied topics

Objectives:

• To summarize and consolidate the knowledge gained during the year.
• Review key computer skills.

Materials:

• Computers with installed programs.
• Tasks for repetition.

Lesson plan:

1. Introduction (5 minutes)
   • Discuss what the children have learned over the year: working with a computer, programs, safety.
2. Repetition (25 minutes)
   • Give repetition tasks: type a short text, draw a picture in a graphics editor.
   • Monitor the progress of work, help with questions.
3. Discussion of successes (10 minutes)
   • Discuss what the children have learned over the year, what skills were useful and interesting for them.
4. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • Praise the children for their efforts throughout the year and sum up: basic computer and software skills.

Lesson 7: Final Project – Combined Work

Topic : Creating a final project – text and drawing

Objectives:

• Give children the opportunity to demonstrate their skills through the creation of a final project.
• Develop creativity and confidence in working with programs.

Materials:

• Computers with installed graphic and text editors.
• Examples for inspiration.

Lesson plan:

1. Introduction (5 minutes)
   • Tell the children that today they will be creating a final project: a drawing and a short text related to one theme (for example, “My Dream” or “Favorite Nature”).
2. Creating a project (30 minutes)
   • Children create a drawing in a graphics editor and write a short text in a text editor, uniting them with one theme.
   • Help children use programs and solve problems.
3. Presentation of projects (10 minutes)
   • Ask several children to present their projects to the class and talk about their work.
4. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • Praise children for their achievements throughout the year and acknowledge how they have developed their computer skills.

This resource allows children to strengthen their computer skills and develop their creativity through various projects, which will be a great way to end the school year.

A manual for a computer science teacher

1st grade, 3rd quarter (6 lessons)

Objective of the lessons : Introduction to the basics of working with text, completing simplified logical tasks (algorithms), and learning safe behavior on the Internet.

Lesson plan

Lesson 1: Introduction to the text

Topic : Basics of working with text – entering letters and simple words

Objectives:

• Introduce children to the concept of a text editor (for example, Microsoft Word).
• Teach how to enter letters and simple words from the keyboard.

Materials:

• Computers with a text editor installed.
• Demo keyboard for explanation.

Lesson plan:

1. Introduction (5 minutes)
   • Explain that text is a way of writing down words and sentences using a computer.
2. Getting to know the keyboard (10 minutes)
   • Show basic keys: letters, space, delete (Backspace), move to the next line (Enter).
   • Explain how to switch the layout (for example, from Russian to English).
3. Practical part (20 minutes)
   • Ask children to enter a few letters from the keyboard, then make simple words from them (for example, mom, house, cat).
   • Learning to correct mistakes: How to delete letters using Backspace.
4. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • Discuss what the children learned in class and assign them to practice using the keyboard at home.

Lesson 2: Writing Sentences

Topic : Creating simple sentences

Objectives:

• Teach children to compose short sentences in a text editor.
• To consolidate keyboard skills.

Materials:

• Computers with a text editor.
• Examples of short sentences for typing.

Lesson plan:

1. Repetition (5 minutes)
   • Remind how to enter letters and words from the keyboard.
2. Creating proposals (15 minutes)
   • Show an example of a simple sentence, for example: “The cat is sitting on the window.”
   • Explain the rules for writing sentences: with a capital letter and a period at the end.
3. Practical part (20 minutes)
   • Ask children to type 2-3 simple sentences on their own.
   • Check and help children correct mistakes.
4. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • Discuss how to create sentences and why it is important to capitalize and use periods.

Lesson 3: Completing logical tasks

Topic : Fundamentals of logic and algorithms

Objectives:

• To introduce children to the concept of algorithms.
• To teach how to solve simple logical problems using a computer.

Materials:

• Computers with installed programs for logic games (for example, games with sequences of actions).
• Task cards to explain concepts.

Lesson plan:

1. Introduction (5 minutes)
   • Explain what an algorithm is – a sequence of actions to achieve a result (for example, how to dress in winter: first a jacket, then a hat).
2. Algorithm examples (10 minutes)
   • Show a simple algorithm: “Draw a circle, then a square.”
   • Discuss why it is important to follow the order of actions.
3. Practical part (20 minutes)
   • Give children a task in a playful way: for example, dragging objects in the right order to complete a task on the computer.
   • Ask children to explain their actions to reinforce their understanding.
4. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • Discuss what an algorithm is and how it can be used in life.

Lesson 4: Simplified Algorithms on a Computer

Topic : Execution of simple algorithms

Objectives:

• To teach children to create and execute simple algorithms on a computer.
• To strengthen logical thinking skills.

Materials:

• Computers with logic games (such as flow chart or step-by-step programs).
• Cards with simple tasks.

Lesson plan:

1. Repetition (5 minutes)
   • Remind us what algorithms are and give some examples.
2. Practical part (15 minutes)
   • Give children tasks with simple algorithms. For example, “Drag the figures in the correct order to assemble the picture.”
   • Ask them to explain why they choose this particular course of action.
3. Logic game (15 minutes)
   • Conduct a group game where you need to solve a logical problem together, following an algorithm.
4. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • Summing up: what are algorithms and how do they help solve problems.

Lesson 5: Safe Behavior on the Internet

Topic : Basic rules for safe behavior on the Internet

Objectives:

• To introduce children to basic rules of internet safety.
• Teach them how to respond correctly to suspicious situations.

Materials:

• Presentation or posters with internet safety rules.
• Showing secure and unsecure sites.

Lesson plan:

1. Introduction (5 minutes)
   • To tell that the Internet is a big space where there is a lot of useful information, but there are also dangers.
2. Basic safety rules (15 minutes)
   • Explain to children that they shouldn’t communicate with strangers on the Internet.
   • There is no need to enter your or your parents’ data on unknown websites.
   • Always tell an adult if something seems suspicious.
3. Practical part (15 minutes)
   • Show examples of websites and discuss which ones are safe and which ones are not.
   • Ask children to explain what they would do if they saw a suspicious message or website.
4. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • Review key rules: never share personal information and always tell an adult about strange situations.

Lesson 6: Review and consolidation of knowledge

Topic : Repetition of work with text, algorithms and security on the Internet

Objectives:

• To consolidate skills in working with text.
• Review the basic rules of Internet safety.
• To consolidate the concept of algorithms through game tasks.

Materials:

• Computers with installed programs for logic games and text editors.

Lesson plan:

1. Repetition of work with text (10 minutes)
   • Ask children to type several sentences in a text editor. Check them for correctness.
2. Algorithms in a game form (15 minutes)
   • Review the basic algorithms with children by completing logical tasks on the computer.
3. Review of Internet Safety Rules (10 minutes)
   • Conduct a quiz game on internet safety rules: ask questions and discuss the correct answers.
4. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • Wrapping up: What kids learned about text, algorithms, and internet safety.

This manual will help children develop skills in working with text, understand the basic principles of algorithms and safe behavior on the Internet, and teach them to apply them in practice through game tasks.

A manual for a computer science teacher

1st grade, 2nd quarter (6 lessons)

Objective of the lessons : To develop basic skills in working with simple programs, such as a graphic editor, and to continue learning how to work with devices (mouse, keyboard, monitor). To show how to perform elementary interactive tasks on a computer.

Lesson plan

Lesson 1: Introduction to working with a graphic editor

Topic : Introduction to a graphics editor (e.g. Paint or similar program)

Objectives:

• Teach children to open a drawing program.
• To become familiar with the basic tools of the program: brush, eraser, fill, lines.

Materials:

• Computers with a graphics editor installed.
• Interactive whiteboard or projector for demonstration.

Lesson plan:

1. Introduction (5 minutes)
   • Discuss with children why people use graphic editors (drawing, creating images, formatting documents).
2. Basic tools (15 minutes)
   • Demonstration of the main tools of the program:
     • Brush – for drawing lines.
     • Eraser – for erasing what has been drawn.
     • Fill – for painting large areas.
     • Lines and shapes – for drawing geometric shapes.
3. Practical part (15 minutes)
   • Ask children to draw a simple picture (for example, a house with a tree) using the tools shown.
4. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • Discuss the results of the work, praise for efforts, ask questions about the tools.

Lesson 2: Developing skills in working with a graphic editor

Topic : Deepening skills in working with a graphic editor

Objectives:

• To consolidate skills in working with basic tools.
• Teach children to save their work.

Materials:

• Computers with a graphics editor installed.
• Drawing assignments.

Lesson plan:

1. Repetition (5 minutes)
   • Discuss what the children remembered from the last lesson. Review the main tools.
2. New Features (10 minutes)
   • Show how to save and open images:
     • Saving the file.
     • Select a location to save (on the desktop or in a folder).
     • Open saved drawings for further editing.
3. Practical part (20 minutes)
   • Give the task: draw a new image and save it on the computer.
   • Ask children to open the saved file and make changes to it.
4. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • Discuss the importance of saving your work and making sure the file is saved correctly.

Lesson 3: Working with interactive tasks

Topic : Completing elementary interactive tasks

Objectives:

• Teach children to perform simple interactive tasks (games to develop attention, logic).
• Develop mouse and keyboard skills.

Materials:

• Computers with educational games installed (e.g. puzzles, sorting games).
• Access to Internet resources with educational games.

Lesson plan:

1. Introduction (5 minutes)
   • Tell children that there are computer tasks that help develop attention and logic.
2. Interactive tasks (10 minutes)
   • Show an example of a game where you need to drag and drop elements with the mouse or perform simple actions with the keyboard.
3. Practical part (20 minutes)
   • Give children the opportunity to play selected educational games.
   • Help those who have difficulty using a mouse or keyboard.
4. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • Discuss which tasks were interesting, what caused difficulties, praise for the work.

Lesson 4: Review of work with the graphic editor and interactive tasks

Topic : Reinforcing skills in working with programs

Objectives:

• To consolidate skills in working with a graphic editor.
• To teach how to combine working with graphics and completing interactive tasks.

Materials:

• Computers with a graphics editor installed and access to interactive tasks.

Lesson plan:

1. Repetition (5 minutes)
   • Remember what children learned about the graphic editor and interactive tasks.
2. Combined task (20 minutes)
   • Ask the children to complete the task in a graphics editor: draw several figures and save the file.
   • Next, invite them to complete one interactive logic task (for example, put together a puzzle).
3. Independent work (10 minutes)
   • Allow time for children to try combining work with programs of their own choice.
4. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • Wrapping up: what new things the children learned and how they can use these programs at home.

Lesson 5: Final Lesson

Topic : Creative work and repetition

Objectives:

• To test and consolidate children’s knowledge.
• Organize a small creative work using a graphic editor.

Materials:

• Computers with installed programs.
• Templates for creative work.

Lesson plan:

1. Review and discussion (5 minutes)
   • Recall the main topics and programs that children studied during the quarter.
2. Creative task (20 minutes)
   • Ask children to do creative work in a graphics editor: draw a picture on the theme “My home” or “My dream”.
   • When they have finished their work, ask them to save and show their results to the class.
3. Summing up (10 minutes)
   • Discuss the work and give feedback to each child.
   • Ask children to tell what they liked most about learning computer programs.

This manual helps children develop confidence in working with simple programs, and also lays the foundation for working with interactive tasks, which is important for their further education.