Manual for a teacher of computer science: 5th grade, 2nd quarter
A manual for a computer science teacher
5th grade, 2nd quarter (7–8 lessons)
Topics :
- Programming Basics: Familiarity with the basics of text-based programming (e.g. Python or visual programming environments like Scratch but with more complex projects).
- Working with tables: complex calculations using formulas, creating graphs, sorting and filtering data.
- Cybersecurity: the basics of data protection, what viruses are, phishing, rules for using complex passwords.
Lesson 1: Introduction to Python/Scratch Programming Basics
Objective:
To introduce students to the basics of programming using text or visual environments such as Python or Scratch (with more complex projects).
Lesson plan:
- Introduction to programming (5 min).
- Discussion: what is programming and why is it needed.
- A brief explanation of the Python or Scratch programming language.
- Basic commands and syntax (10 min).
- Introduction to basic constructs (e.g. in Python – print(), variables; in Scratch – action blocks).
- Practice: first task (15 min).
- Students create a simple program: in Python, a program that prints text on the screen; in Scratch, a program that performs an action on a character.
- Discussion of errors and their correction (10 min).
- Working with typical errors (syntax errors in code, logical errors).
- Reflection and summing up (5 min).
- Questions: “What is the most difficult thing in programming? How to fix a bug?”
Homework:
Create a small program at home (depending on the language you choose).
Lesson 2: Going Deeper into Programming – Variables and Loops
Objective:
To teach students the use of variables and loops in programming.
Lesson plan:
- Review of the material from the previous lesson (5 min.).
- Questions: “What is programming?”
- Introduction to variables (10 min).
- Explanation: what are variables and why are they needed in programs.
- Example: a program with variables to store data.
- Working with cycles (15 min).
- Introduction to loops: how to create repeating actions (in Python, a loop
for
, in Scratch, a “repeat” block). - Practice: Students create a program using a loop.
- Introduction to loops: how to create repeating actions (in Python, a loop
- Practical work (10 min).
- Students create a program with variables and a loop to perform a simple task (for example, print numbers from 1 to 10).
- Reflection and summing up (5 min).
- Questions: “What is a loop? Why are variables needed?”
Homework:
Create a program with a loop and a variable.
Lesson 3: Working with Spreadsheets – Introduction and Advanced Calculations
Objective:
To teach students to work with tables and use formulas for complex calculations.
Lesson plan:
- Introduction to Spreadsheets (5 min).
- Questions: “What are tables for?”
- Creating a table and entering data (10 min.)
- Demonstration: Creating a table and entering data into cells (for example, school grade data).
- Working with formulas (15 min).
- Explanation: what are formulas in tables (summation, multiplication and other operations).
- Practice: Students enter simple formulas to perform calculations in a table.
- Complex calculation task (10 min).
- Students create a table to calculate the average grade for subjects or calculations for a given problem.
- Reflection and summing up (5 min).
- Questions: “How are formulas used in tables?”
Homework:
Create a table at home and perform calculations using formulas.
Lesson 4: Working with tables – creating charts, sorting and filtering data
Objective:
To teach students to create graphs, sort and filter data in tables.
Lesson plan:
- Review of the material from the previous lesson (5 min.).
- Questions: “How to use formulas for calculations in tables?”
- Creating graphs (15 min).
- Explanation: How data in tables can be presented graphically.
- Practice: Students create a graph based on table data (e.g., a performance chart).
- Sorting data (10 min).
- Demonstration: How to sort data in ascending/descending order.
- Practice: sorting data in a table.
- Filtering data (10 min).
- Explanation: How to filter data to select the information you need.
- Practical task: filtering data according to specified conditions (for example, ratings above a certain value).
- Reflection and summing up (5 min).
- Questions: “How to use sorting and filtering to work with big data?”
Homework:
Create a table with a graph and apply sorting and filtering.
Lesson 5: Cybersecurity Basics – Data Protection and Passwords
Objective:
To introduce students to the basics of cybersecurity, explain what data protection is and how to create strong passwords.
Lesson plan:
- Introduction to Cybersecurity (5 min).
- Discussion: What is cybersecurity? Why do you need to protect your data?
- Passwords and their protection (10 min).
- Explanation: what is a strong password, how to create it (a strong password should contain letters, numbers, special characters).
- Examples of strong and weak passwords.
- Practical task: creating a password (10 min).
- Students create their own passwords and rate their strength.
- Storing passwords (10 min).
- Explanation: How and where to store passwords securely (password managers, avoiding using one password for all sites).
- Reflection and summing up (5 min).
- Questions: “How to protect your data with a strong password?”
Homework:
Create and write down at home a strong password for your account using the principles discussed in class.
Lesson 6: Cybersecurity Basics – Viruses and Phishing
Objective:
To teach students the basics of virus and phishing protection.
Lesson plan:
- Introduction to Computer Viruses (10 min).
- Discussion: what are viruses, how do they get on a computer, what the consequences can be.
- Examples of viruses and their impact on data.
- Protection against viruses (10 min).
- Explanation: how to protect yourself from viruses (antivirus programs, updates, be careful when downloading files).
- Demonstration: How antivirus software works.
- What is phishing? (10 min).
- Explanation: How phishing attacks are aimed at obtaining data (fake emails, links).
- Examples of phishing attacks and how to recognize them.
- Practical task (10 min).
- Students analyze sample emails and websites to identify signs of phishing.
- Reflection and summing up (5 min).
- Questions: “What should I do to avoid becoming a victim of viruses or phishing?”
Homework:
Study the antivirus program at home and check your computer for threats.
Lesson 7: Summary and practical work
Objective:
To consolidate knowledge of programming, working with tables and cybersecurity through practical assignments.
Lesson plan:
- Review of the material covered (10 min).
- Questions on all topics: programming, tables, cybersecurity.
- Practical work (25 min).
- Students complete tasks to create a program, work with tables (formulas, graphs), and discuss cybersecurity rules.
- Summing up the quarter (10 min.)
- Discussion: what was the most difficult and interesting during this period.
Conclusion
The manual is designed for 7-8 lessons, which will allow 5th grade students to deepen their knowledge of programming, working with tables and the basics of cybersecurity, as well as acquire skills for their practical application.